Reconstructive surgery programs focus on how to repair damaged tissue due to various diseases, birth defects, or trauma. Common procedures include cleft lip repair, breast reconstruction, tissue expansion, and skin cancer removal. The goal of these procedures is to improve both the functionality and appearance of the affected tissue.

Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a unitary parliamentary republic within the European Union, located in Southern Europe. To the north, it borders France, Switzerland, Austria, and Slovenia along the Alps.